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Introduction to Mule 4: Java Integration

Standard Support for Mule 4.1 ended on November 2, 2020, and this version of Mule reached its End of Life on November 2, 2022, when Extended Support ended.

Deployments of new applications to CloudHub that use this version of Mule are no longer allowed. Only in-place updates to applications are permitted.

MuleSoft recommends that you upgrade to the latest version of Mule 4 that is in Standard Support so that your applications run with the latest fixes and security enhancements.

Expressions versus Code

Experienced Mule users will notice that Mule 4 takes a more opinionated approach about how to structure apps, which limits what can be done through the expression language. The intention is to provide a clear separation between the flow logic and the business logic that should be extracted through code.

If you want to extract, query, transform, or otherwise work with data in your flows, DataWeave expressions and transforms are the recommended tool. If you want to write custom logic, instantiate Java objects, or call arbitrary methods, MuleSoft recommends that you encapsulate this code into scripts or classes that can be injected and tested easily.

This is why MuleSoft removed the Expression component and Expression transformer in favor of encouraging you to cleanly separate your logic into scripts or Java classes, instead.

Calling Static Java Methods from DataWeave

When you want to call out to Java logic to help format or parse data, DataWeave now allows you to call out to static methods. Consider this Java method:

package org.acme;
public class MyCompanyUtils {
  public static String reformat(String input) {
    return …;
  }
}

You can call it through the following DataWeave code:

import java!org::acme::MyCompanyUtils
---
{
  date: MyCompanyUtils::reformat(payload.input)
}

Scripting Module

The Scripting module replaces the Mule 3 Scripting component. The Mule 4 module enables you to embed your Groovy, Ruby, Python, or JavaScript scripts inside Mule flows. You can inject data from the Mule message into your code using the new parameters configuration attribute.

<script:execute engine="groovy">
    <script:code>
         return "$payload $prop1 $prop2"
    </script:code>
    <script:parameters>
         #[{prop1: "Received", prop2: payload.body}]
    </script:parameters>
</script:execute>

To use the scripting module, simply add it to your app using the Studio palette, or add the following dependency in your pom.xml file:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mule.modules</groupId>
  <artifactId>mule-scripting-module</artifactId>
  <version>1.1.0</version> <!-- or newer -->
  <classifier>mule-plugin</classifier>
</dependency>

For more detail on this module, see Scripting Module Documentation.

Java Module

While the Scripting module is a very powerful tool that allows for interoperation with Java by executing any random set of instructions, often you simply need to just instantiate a class or execute a single method. While Mule 3 usually relies on MEL for this, the Java module was introduced in Mule 4 to allow for these use cases. Other advantages of the Java module over the Scripting module are:

  • Support for DataSense: Each time you execute a method, you will get DataSense for the output type and the method’s input arguments.

  • UI Support: You get visual aids in terms of methods available for each class, autocompletion, and so on.

Create a New Java Instance

In Mule 3:

<set-payload value="#[new com.foo.AppleEater()]" />
<set-payload value="#[new com.foo.AppleEater('some string arg', flowVars.apple)]" />

In Mule 4:

<java:new class="com.foo.AppleEater" constructor="MyClass()"/>

<java:new class="com.foo.AppleEater" constructor="MyClass(String, Apple)">
  <java:args>#[{name: 'some string arg', apple: vars.apple}]</java:args>
</java:new>

Invoke an Instance Method

In Mule 3:

<expression-component>
  flowVars.appleEater.chew(500)
</expression-component>

In Mule 4:

<java:invoke class="com.foo.AppleEater" method="chew(Integer)" instance="#[vars.appleEater]">
  <java:args>
    #[{chewingTime: 500}]
  </java:args>
</java:invoke>

The invoke functionality can also be used through DataWeave functions:

<set-payload value="#[Java::invoke('com.foo.AppleEater', 'chew(Integer)', vars.appleEater, {chewingTime: 500})]"/>

To use the Java module, simply add it to your application using the Studio palette, or add the following dependency to your pom.xml file:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mule.modules</groupId>
  <artifactId>mule-java-module</artifactId>
  <version>1.0.0</version> <!-- or newer -->
  <classifier>mule-plugin</classifier>
</dependency>

See Also